QUTUBSHAHIS OF GOLCONDA

Quli Qutub Shah (1512-43)
a) He founded the state of Golconda after the disintegration of the Bahamani Kingdom.
b) He defeated the Sultans of Bijapur and Bidar, and captured Kovilkonda and Medak. Next he defeated the Gajapati ruler in the Battle of Palinchinnur (1520) and captured Bezwada and Eluru. Later Kondaveedu and Bellamkonda were also taken by him (1530).
c) He was popularly known as "Bade Malik" for his generosity.

Jamsheed Quli (1543-50)
a) He came to the throne by murdering his father.
b) After a reign of 7 years he died due to cancer.

Ibrahim (1550-80)
a) He succeeded his brother Jamsheed after a brief contest against his nephew Subhan (son of Jamsheed).
b) He was responsible for uniting the Muslim rulers against the Vijayanagar ruler and defeating him in the Battle of Tallikota (1565). By 1570 he annexed the entire northern coastal Andhra between Godavari and Chicacole. Arid in 1578-79 Udayagiri and parts of Kurnool district were annexed by him.
c) He was called "Malik Ibrahim" for his patronage of Telugu poets. Tenneganti Telaganarya (author of "Yaganti Charitam") was his court-poet. Kandukuri Rudra Kavi (author of "Sugriva Vjjayam" and "Nirankusopakyanam") was also patronised by him.
d) He also undertook various public works like the Hussain Sagar lake, Phoolbagh, Ibrahimptnam tank, and a bridge over the Musi river.

Mohammad Quli (1580-1621)
a)  His reign was quite peaceful and was marked by lot of cultural activities.
b)   He founded the city of "Bhagyanagar" in memory   of   his   favourite   Hindu   dancer, Bhagyamati according to tradition. The city later renamed as "Hyderabad" after his son Hyder, In the new city, he built several beautiful structures like the Charminar (1583), Jam-i-masjid and Chandan Mahal.
c)  He also patronised Telugu poets, the more prominent among them being Sarangu Tammaya, the author of "Vijayanti Vilasam".
d)  He permitted the English to establish a factory at MachaliPatnam in 1611.

Mohmmad Qutub Shah (1621-26)
a) His reign was also generally peaceful like that of his father-in-law.
b) He constructed several fine buildings, the most significant one being the Mecca Masjid in Hyderabad.

Abdullah Qutub Shahi (1626-72)
a)   He had an able minister and general, Mir Jumla, who was responsible for the extension of the Qutub Shahi rule beyond Pulicat in the South and Visakhapatnam in the North of the eastern coast. Chittoor and Cuddapah districts also became a part of the Qutub Shahi Kingdom.
b)  But later Mir Jumla proved to be a traitor by defecting to the side of the Mughals and helping Aurangzeb, the then Mughal Governor of Deccan, to invade Golconda in 1655. It was Mir Jumla who presented the famous "Kohinoor" diamond (obtained from a mine at Kollur in Andhra) to the Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan.
c)  His reign is called the "Golden Age" of Urdu literature.        

Abul Hasan Tanisha (1672-87)
a)  He is the son-in-law of Abdullah Qutub.
b)  He was ably assisted by two Hindu brothers, Akkanna and Madanna.
c)  According to tradition, Ramdas (Kancharla Gopanna), the great devotee of Rama, was imprisoned by the ruler at Golconda on charges of misappropriation of government money as Tahsildar of Bhadrachalam. It is held that Lord Rama himself paid the amount to Tana Shah and got his devotee released.
d)  Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb invaded and conquered Golconda in 1687 due to the treachery of noble, Abdullah Phani. While Abul Hasan was taken as prisoner and sent to Daulatabad, his able and trusted general, Abdul Razak Lahri, who offered stiff resistance to Aurangzeb, was-executed.

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